Securing Offline CBDC Transactions: DigiVault Card and MarkoPayChain with Mobile Phone Integration
Published in 2025 28th Conference on Innovation in Clouds, Internet and Networks (ICIN), 2025
Recommended citation: Atangana, O., Khoukhi, L., Barbier, M., Di Manno, J. (2025). Securing Offline CBDC Transactions: DigiVault Card and MarkoPayChain with Mobile Phone Integration. Proceedings of the 2025 28th Conference on Innovation in Clouds, Internet and Networks (ICIN), pp. 33–40. IEEE. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10942801
This paper proposes a secure and privacy-aware architecture for offline Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) transactions. The solution combines smart cards and smartphones through a hybrid design where smart cards provide secure storage and cryptographic key management, while smartphones handle computation and authentication tasks.
The proposed framework introduces two novel components: DigiVault Card, a secure storage and transaction device, and MarkoPayChain, a proactive fraud-detection mechanism based on Markov chains designed to mitigate double-spending attacks in offline environments. The architecture aims to improve security, portability, privacy, and regulatory compliance while maintaining usability for real-world CBDC deployments.
Links: IEEE Xplore